Civil Rights Movement/Slavery and civil war

These exercises are about the time before the Civil Rights Movement.

Task

1. Do the interactive exercises.

Interactive Exercises

North vs. South

Move the correct words into the gaps.

In 1860 the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA consisted of 34 states:

	SOUTH	NORTH
no. of states	11 states	23 states
economy	based on cotton, tobacco plantations and slave work	mainly industry family farms
population	9 million (incl. 3.5 mill. slaves)	22 million

Slavery in the South

Complete the text with the correct form of the words in brackets. Use the simple past, past perfect or present perfect.

The slaves on the cotton fields had to (must) work very hard, 16 hours a day, six days a week.

Only on Sundays most of them were allowed to have (allowed, have) a rest and go to church. At church the blacks sang (sing) their own songs, called spirituals.

The song ‘Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen’ has become (become) famous all over the world since then.

After they had heard (hear) the stories of the bible they got (get) new hope for their own unhappy lives.

The slaves on the cotton fields had to (must) work very hard, 16 hours a day, six days a week.

Only on Sundays most of them were allowed to have (allowed, have) a rest and go to church. At church the blacks sang (sing) their own songs, called spirituals.

The song ‘Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen’ has become (become) famous all over the world since then.

After they had heard (hear) the stories of the bible they got (get) new hope for their own unhappy lives.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, 'Life Among the Lowly', is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe.

Complete the text with the correct form of the words in brackets.

Kentucky farmer Arthur Shelby needs money so he decides to raise the money by selling two of his slaves — Uncle Tom, a middle-aged man with a wife and children, and Harry, the son of Emily Shelby's maid Eliza. Emily Shelby is against this idea because she had promised her maid that her child would never be sold; Emily's son, George Shelby, hates to see Tom go because he sees the man as his friend.

When Eliza overhears Mr. and Mrs. Shelby discussing plans to sell Tom and Harry, she decides to run away with her son. During Eliza's escape, she meets up with her husband George Harris, who had run away previously. They decide to go to Canada.

Tom is sold and placed on a riverboat where a family buys Tom from the slave trader and takes him with the family to their home in New Orleans. Tom and Eva begin to relate to one another because of the deep Christian faith they both share.

After Tom has lived with the St. Clares for two years, Eva grows very ill. Before she dies she experiences a vision of heaven, which she shares with the people around her. As a result of her death and vision, the other characters resolve to change their lives, with Ophelia promising to throw off her personal prejudices against blacks, Topsy saying she will better herself, and St. Clare pledging to free Tom.

Before St. Clare can follow through on his pledge, however, he dies after being stabbed outside of a tavern. His wife reneges on her late husband's vow and sells Tom at auction to a vicious plantation owner named Simon Legree. Legree (a transplanted northerner) takes Tom and Emmeline (whom Legree purchased at the same time) to rural Louisiana, where they meet Legree's other slaves.

Legree begins to hate Tom when Tom refuses Legree's order to whip his fellow slave. Legree beats Tom viciously and resolves to crush his new slave's faith in God. Despite Legree's cruelty, however, Tom refuses to stop reading his Bible and comforting the other slaves as best he can. While at the plantation, Tom meets Cassy, another of Legree's slaves. Cassy was previously separated from her son and daughter when they were sold; unable to endure the pain of seeing another child sold, she killed her third child.

At this point Tom Loker returns to the story. Loker has changed as the result of being healed by the Quakers. George, Eliza, and Harry have also obtained their freedom after crossing into Canada. In Louisiana, Uncle Tom almost succumbs to hopelessness as his faith in God is tested by the hardships of the plantation. However, he has two visions, one of Jesus and one of Eva, which renew his resolve to remain a faithful Christian, even unto death. He encourages Cassy to escape, which she does, taking Emmeline with her. When Tom refuses to tell Legree where Cassy and Emmeline have gone, Legree orders his overseers to kill Tom. As Tom is dying, he forgives the overseers who savagely beat him. Humbled by the character of the man they have killed, both men become Christians. Very shortly before Tom's death, George Shelby (Arthur Shelby's son) arrives to buy Tom's freedom but finds he is too late. Final section

On their boat ride to freedom, Cassy and Emmeline meet George Harris' sister and accompany her to Canada. Cassy discovers that Eliza is her long-lost daughter who was sold as a child. Now that their family is together again, they travel to France and eventually Liberia, the African nation created for former American slaves. George Shelby returns to the Kentucky farm and frees all his slaves. George tells them to remember Tom's sacrifice and his belief in the true meaning of Christianity.

The Underground Railroad

• 1854 Foundation Republican Party (anti-slavery program)
• 1859 John Brown`s slave rebellion in Virginia
• 1860 Abraham Lincoln (R) elected for president, but only by the Northern States, whereas 11 Southern States did not
• 1861 South Carolina left the UNION, Miss.,Florida, Alabama,Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee & North Carolina followed, proclaiming themselves an ...

independent

CONFEDERATION

(color: grey)

Southerners, Dixie

versus

the UNION

(color: blue) Yanks or Federalists

• April 2nd, 1865 final defeat of the Confederation, 635 ooo people had died in this war
• April 15th, 1865 Lincoln assassinated by a sympathizer of Southern cause
• The 13th Amendment to the Constitution abolishes slavery

Civil Rights Movement

1. Slavery and civil war
2. Segregation
3. Montgomery Bus Boycott
4. Martin Luther King
5. Malcolm X & Black Power
6. Black Lives Matter

References

• American Civil War^(English)
• Uncle Tom's Cabin^(English)
• Underground Railroad^(English)