Use of English/Word Families/Overview

Aus ZUM-Unterrichten

Wörter aus den selben Wortfamilien sind einfach zu behalten oder zu erschließen, da sie ja alle einen gemeinsamen Wortstamm haben.

Word from the same word families can be easily understood because the share a common root and pre- and suffixes you can identify.

Words in bold are commmon and important to learn.

A

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
ability, disability, inability enable,disable able, unable, disabled ably
acceptance accept acceptable, unacceptable, accepted -ably
accident accidental -ally
accuracy, inaccuracy accurate, inaccurate -ely
accusation, the accused, accuser accuse accusing
achievement, achiever achieve achievable
act, action, inaction, interaction,
reaction, transaction
actor, actress
act acting
activity, inactivity active, inactive, interactive, proactive activate actively
addition add additional additionally
admiration, admirer admire admirable admirably
advantage, disadvantage advantageous, disadvantaged advantageously
ad(vertisement), advertiser, advertise advertising
advice, adviser advise advisable,inadvisable, advisory
agreement, disagreement agree, disagree agreeable agreeably
aim to aim aimless aimlessly
amazement amaze amazed, amazing amazingly
anger
(anger management)
anger angry angrily
announcement, announcer announce unannounced
appearance, disappearance
reappearance
appear, disappear, reappear
applicant, application apply applicable,applied
appreciation appreciate appreciable,appreciative
approval, disapproval approve, disapprove approving, disapproving approvingly
approximation approximate approximate approximately
argument argue arguable, argumentative arguably
arrangement arrange, rearrange
art, artist, artistry artistic, artful artistically
shame shame ashamed, unashamed, shameful,shameless shamefully, shamelessly
attachment attach, detach attached, unattached, detachable, detached
(semi-detached house)
attack, counter-attack, attacker attack, counter-attack
attention attend attentive,inattentive attentively
attraction, attractiveness attract attractive, unattractive attractively
authority, authorization authorize authoritarian, authoritative, unauthorized
availability available, unavailable
avoidance avoid avoidable, unavoidable
awareness aware, unaware

B

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
base,the basics,basis base (on) baseless, basic basically
bearer bear bearable, unbearable
beat, wife-beater beater beating unbeatable,unbeaten
beauty, beautician to beautify beautiful beautifully
beginner, beginning begin
behaviour/behavior (AmE)
misbehaviour
behave, misbehave behavioural/behavioral
belief, disbelief believe, disbelieve believable, unbelievable unbelievably
block, blockage block, unblock blocked, unblocked
blood, bleeding bleed bloodless,bloody
the boil, boiler boil boiling
bore,boredom bore bored, boring boringly
break, outbreak, breakage break unbreakable, broken, unbroken
breath, breather, breathing breathe breathless breathlessly
brother, brotherhood brotherly
build, builder, building build, rebuild
burn, burner burn burning, burnt
burial bury buried

C

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
calculation, calculator calculate incalculable,calculated, calculating
calm, calmness calm calm calmly
capability capable, incapable capably
care, carer care for, about careful, careless,caring, uncaring carefully, carelessly
celebration, celebrity celebrate celebrated, celebratory
centre/center (AmE)
centralization, decentralization
center, centralize,
decentralize
central, centralized centrally
certainty, uncertainty certain, uncertain certainly, uncertainly
challenge, challenger challenge challenging
change change changeable,interchangeable, unchanged, changing
character, characteristic, characterization characterize characteristic, uncharacteristic characteristically
chemical, chemist, chemistry chemical chemically
circle, semicircle, circulation circle, circulate circular
cleaner, cleaning, cleanliness clean clean, unclean cleanly
clarity, clearance, clearing clear clear, unclear clearly
close,closure close (schließen), enclose (en)closed, closing
closeness close (sich nähern) close (by) closely
clothes, clothing clothe clothed, unclothed
collection, collector collect collected, collective collectively
colour/color (AmE)
colouring/coloring
color coloured, discoloured, colourless/colourful colorfully
combination combine combined
comfort, discomfort comfort comfortably
commitment commit to noncommittal, committed
communication, communicator communicate communicative,uncommunicative
comparison compare comparable,incomparable, comparative comparatively
competition, competitor compete competitive, uncompetitive competitively
complaint to complain (about)
completion, incompleteness complete complete, incomplete completely, incompletely
complication complicate complicated, uncomplicated
computer, computing,
computerization
computerize
concentration concentrate concentrated
concern concern concerned, unconcerned
conclusion conclude concluding, conclusive, inconclusive conclusively
condition, precondition,
conditioner, conditioning
condition conditional, unconditional conditionally,unconditionally
confidence confide confident,confidential confidently, confidentially
confirmation confirm confirmed, unconfirmed
confusion confuse confused, confusing confusingly
connection connect, reconnect, disconnect connected, disconnected, unconnected
consciousness,unconsciousness subconscious,unconscious, conscious consciously, unconsciously
consequence consequent, inconsequential consequently
consideration consider, reconsider considerable,considerate,
inconsiderate,considered
considerably, considerately
continent continental, intercontinental
continuation, continuity continue, discontinue continual, continued, continuous continually, continuously
contribution, contributor contribute contributory
control, controller control controlling, uncontrollable uncontrollably
convenience,inconvenience inconvenience convenient, inconvenient conveniently
convince convinced, convincing, unconvincing convincingly
cook, cooker, cookery, cooking cook cooked,uncooked
cool, coolness cool down cool coolly
correction, correctness correct correct, incorrect,corrective correctly, incorrectly
count, recount count, recount countable, uncountable, countless
cover, coverage, cover, uncover covering undercover, uncovered
creation, creativity, creator create, recreate creative,uncreative creatively
crime, criminal, criminologist criminal, incriminating incriminate criminally
critic, criticism criticize critical, uncritical critically
crowd, overcrowding crowd crowded, overcrowded
cruelty cruel cruelly
cry, outcry cry crying
culture, subculture cultural, cultured culturally
cure cure cured, incurable
custom, customer, customs accustom, customize customary customarily
cut, cutting cut, undercut cutting

D

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
damage, damages damage damaging, undamaged
danger endanger endangered, dangerous dangerously
dare,daring dare daring daringly
dark, darkness darken dark, darkened, darkening darkly
date date, predate dated, outdated
day,midday daily daily
dead, death die, deaden dead, deadly, deathly
deal, dealer, dealings dealt dealt
deceit, deceiver, deception deceive deceitful, deceptive deceptively
decision, indecision decide on decided, undecided, decisive,indecisive decidedly, decisively,indecisively
decoration, decorator decorate decorative decoratively
deep,depth deepen deep, deepening deeply
defeat, defeatism, defeatist defeat undefeated,
defence/ defense (AmE),
defendant, defender
defend defenceless, indefensible, defensive defensively
definition define definite, indefinite definitely,indefinitely
demand, demands demand demanding, undemanding
democracy, democrat democratic, undemocratic democratically
demonstration, demonstrator demonstrate demonstrable,demonstrative demonstrably
denial deny undeniable undeniably
dependant, dependence, independence, dependency depend on dependable, dependent, independent dependably, independently
description describe describable, indescribable, nondescript, descriptive descriptively
desire desire desirable, undesirable, desired, undesired
destroyer, destruction destroy indestructible, destructive destructively
determination, determiner determine determined, predetermined, indeterminate determinedly
developer, development, redevelopment develop, redevelop developed, undeveloped, developing
difference, indifference, differ from, differentiate different, indifferent differently
directness,direction,
(to give) directions, director
direct, redirect direct, indirect directly, indirectly
disagreement disagree
(see also agree)
disagreeable disagreeably
disappointment disappoint disappointed, disappointing disappointingly
disaster disastrous disastrously
disciplinarian, discipline discipline disciplinary, disciplined, undisciplined
discoverer, discovery discover
distance distance distant distantly
disturbance disturb disturbed, undisturbed, disturbing disturbingly
divide,division, subdivision divide, subdivide divided, undivided, divisible, divisive
divorce, divorcee divorce divorced
do,doing do, outdo, overdo,redo, undo done, overdone, undone
doubt, doubter doubt
/daʊt/
undoubted,doubtful, doubtless undoubtedly, doubtfully
dream, dreamer dream (about) dream, dreamless, dreamy dreamily
dress, dresser, dressing dress, redress, undress dressed, undressed, dressy dressily
drink, drinker, drinking, drunk, drunkenness drink drunk, drunken drunkenly
drive,driver, driving drive driving
due,dues due, undue duly, unduly

E

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
earner, earnings earn
earth unearth earthy earthly, unearthly
ease,unease, easiness ease easy, uneasy easily, uneasily
east, easterner east, easterly, eastern, eastward(s)
economics,economist, economy economize economic, economical, uneconomic(al) economically
education educate educated, uneducated, educational educationally
effect,effectiveness, ineffectiveness effect effective,ineffective, ineffectual effectively, ineffectively
effort effortless effortlessly
election, re-election, elector, electorate elect, re-elect unelected, electoral
electrician, electricity electric electrify electric, electrical electrically
electronics electronic electronically
embarrassment embarrass embarrassed, embarrassing embarrassingly
emotion emotional, emotive emotionally
emphasis emphasize emphatic emphatically
employee,employer, employment, unemployment employ unemployed
encouragement, discouragement encourage, discourage encouraged, encouraging, discouraging encouraginglly
end, (happy) ending end unending, endless endlessly
energy energize energetic energetically
enjoyment enjoy enjoyable enjoyably
enormity enormous enormously
entrance, entrant, entry enter
entertainer, entertainment entertain entertaining entertainingly
enthusiasm, enthusiast enthuse enthusiastic, unenthusiastic enthusiastically, unenthusiastically
environment, environmentalist environmental environmentally
equality, inequality equalize equal, unequal equally, unequally
escape,escapism escape escaped, inescapable inescapably
essence,essentials essential essentially
estimate,estimation estimate, overestimate, underestimate estimated
event, non-event eventful, uneventful, eventual (=schließlich) eventfully, eventually
exam, examination, cross-examination, examiner examine,cross-examine
excellence excel excellent excellently
excitement excite excitable, excited, exciting,unexciting excitedly, excitingly
excuse excuse excusable, inexcusable inexcusably
existence exist, coexist non-existent, existing, pre-existing
expectancy, expectation expect expectant, unexpected expectantly, unexpectedly
expenditure,expense, expenses expend expensive, inexpensive expensively, inexpensively
experience, inexperience experience experienced, inexperienced
experiment experiment experimental experimentally
expert, expertise expert, inexpert expertly
explaining, explanation explain unexplained, explanatory, explicable, inexplicable inexplicably
explosion, explosive explode exploding, explosive explosively
exploration, explorer explore exploratory
expression express expressive expressively
extreme,extremism, extremist, extremity extreme, extremist extremely

F

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
fact factual factually
fail, failure fail unfailing unfailingly
fairness fair,unfair fairly, unfairly
faith, faithfulness faithful, unfaithful faithfully
familiarity, family familiarize familiar, unfamiliar familiarly
fame famed, famous, infamous famously, infamously
fashion fashion fashionable, unfashionable fashionably, unfashionably
fat fatten fat, fattening, fatty
fastener fasten, unfasten
fault fault faultless,faulty faultlessly
fear fear fearful, fearless, fearsome fearfully, fearlessly
feel, feeling feel unfeeling
fiction, nonfiction fictional, fictive
fill, refill, filling fill (up), fill (in) , refill filling
final, semifinal, finalist finalize final finally
finish finish finished,unfinished
firmness,infirmity firm,infirm firmly
fish,fishing fish fish fishily
fit, fittings fit fitted, fitting fittingly
fix, fixation, fixture fix fixed, transfixed, unfixed
flat flatten flat flatly
flower flower flowered/flowery, flowering
fold, folder fold, unfold folded, folding
follower, following follow following
force force forceful, forcible forcefully, forcibly
forest, deforestation, forestry forested
forgetfulness forget forgetful, unforgettable forgetfully
forgiveness forgive forgiving, unforgiving
form, formation, transformation, form, reform, transform reformed reformer, transformer
formality formalize formal, informal formally, informally
fortune fortunate, unfortunate fortunately, unfortunately
freebie,freedom free free free,freely
freeze,freezer freeze freezing, frozen
frequency, infrequency frequent frequent, infrequent frequently, infrequently
freshness,refreshments freshen, refresh fresh, refreshing freshly, refreshingly
friend, friendliness befriend friendly, unfriendly
fright frighten frightened,frightening, frightful frighteningly, frightfully
fruit, fruition fruitful, fruitless,fruity fruitfully, fruitlessly
fund, refund, funding fund, refund funded
furnishings,furniture furnish furnished, unfurnished

G

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
garden, gardener, gardening garden
generalization generalize general generally
generosity generous generously
gentleness, gentleman gentle gently
gladness gladden glad gladly
glass, glasses glassy
good, goodies, goodness, goods good
government, governor govern governmental, governing governmentally
gratitude,ingratitude grateful, ungrateful gratefully
greatness great greatly
green, greenery, greens (vegetables), greenhouse-effect green greenish, green
ground, underground, grounding, ground groundless, underground underground
grower, growth, undergrowth grow, outgrow growing, grown, overgrown
guilt, guiltiness guilty guiltily

H

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
habit, habitat habitual habitually
hair, hairiness hairless, hairy
hand, handful hand (over) underhand, handy
handle,handler, handling handle
hanger hanging hang, overhang
happiness,unhappiness happy, unhappy happily, unhappily
hardship harden hard hard, hardly
harm, harmfulness harm unharmed, harmful, harmless harmlessly
head, heading, overheads head, behead overhead, heady overhead
health healthy, unhealthy healthily, unhealthily
hearing hear, overhear (belauschen) unheard, unheard of
heart, heartlessness hearty, heartened, heartening, heartless heartily, heartlessly
heat, heater, heating heat, overheat heated,unheated heatedly
height, heights heighten heightened
help, helper, helpfulness, helping help helpful, unhelpful, helpless helpfully, helplessly
highness high high highly
historian, history historic, prehistoric, historical historically
hold, holder, holding hold
home homeless, homely home
honesty, dishonesty honest, dishonest honestly, dishonestly
hope, hopefulness, hopelessness hope hopeful, hopeless hope hopefully, hopelessly
human, humanism, humanity, inhumantiy human,inhuman, superhuman, humanly, humanely
hunger hunger hungry hungrily
hurry to hurry hurried, unhurried hurriedly
hurt hurt unhurt, hurtful hurtfully

I

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
ice, icicle, icing ice icy icily
identification, identity identify identifiable, unidentified
imagination imagine imaginable, unimaginable, imaginary unimaginably, imaginative imaginatively
importance important, unimportant importantly
impression impress impressionable, impressive impressively
improvement improve improved
increase increase, decrease increased increasingly
credibility, incredulity incredible, credible, incredulous incredibly, incredulously
independence, independent independent independently
industrialist, industrialization, industry industrial, industrialized, industrious industrially, industriously
infection, disinfectant infect, desinfect infectious infectiously
inflation inflate, deflate inflatable,inflated, inflationary
informant, information, informer inform, misinform informative, uninformative, informed, uninformed
injury injure injured, uninjured
innocence innocent innocently
insistence insist on insistent insistently
instance,instant instant, instantaneous instantly, instantaneously
instruction, instructor instruct instructive instructively
intelligence intelligent, unintelligent, intelligible, unintelligible intelligently
intent, intention intend intended, unintended, intentional, unintentional intentionally, unintentionally
interest interest in interested, disinterested, uninterested, interesting interestingly
interruption interrupt uninterrupted
interview, interviewee interviewer interview
introduction introduct introductory
invention, inventiveness, inventor invent, reinvent inventive inventively
invitation, invite invite uninvited, inviting invitingly
involvement involve in involved, uninvolved
item itemize itemized


J

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
joke, joker joke jokingly
journal, journalism, journalist journalistic
judge,judg(e)ment judge judgmental
juice, juices juicy

K

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
keenness keen (on) keenly
keep, keeper, keeping keep kept
kill, overkill, killer, killing kill
kindness,unkindness kind, unkind kindly, unkindly
knowledge know knowing, knowledgeable, known, unknown knowingly, unknowingly,knowledgeably

L

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
enlargement enlarge large largely
laugh, laughter laugh laughable laughably
law, lawyer, outlaw outlaw lawful, unlawful lawfully, unlawfully
laziness lazy lazily
lead, leader, leadership lead leading, lead
learner, learning learn learned, unlearned
legality, illegality, legalization legalize legal, illegal legally, illegally
lengthen lengthy, lengthening lengthily
liar, lie lie lying
life, living live, outlive, relive lifeless,lifelike, lifelong lifelessly liveliness,living live, lively,
light, lighter, lighting, lightening, lightness light, lighten light lightly
dislike, liking like, dislike likeable
likelihood likely, unlikely likely
limit, limitation, limitations limit limited, unlimited
literature, literacy literary, literate, illiterate
local, location, relocation dislocate, relocate local locally
loser, loss lose lose
loudness aloud,loud/loudly
love,lover love lovable, unlovable, loveless, lovely, lovingly
low lower low, lower, lowly low
luck lucky, unlucky luckily, unluckily

M

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
machine, machinery, machinist, mechanic, mechanics,mechanism mechanical, mechanized mechanically
magic, magician do magic magic, magical magically
make, remake, maker, make, remake making unmade
man, manhood, mankind, manliness, man manly, manned, unmanned, mannish mannishly, manfully
management, manager, manageress manage manageable,unmanageable, managerial
mark,marker, markings mark marked, unmarked markedly
market, marketing, marketability, marketer, marketeer market marketable
marriage marry, remarry married, unmarried, marriageable
match, mismatch match matching, unmatched, matchless matchlessly
material, materialism, materialist, materialize immaterial, materialistic materially
meaning, meaningfulness mean meaningful, meaningless meaningfully, meaninglessly
measure,measurement measure measurable, immeasurable,measured immeasurably
medical, medication, medicine to medicate medical, medicated, medicinal, medically, medicinally
memorial, memory memorize memorable memorably
mentality mental mentally
method, methodology methodical, methodological methodically
militancy, militant, the military, militarist, militia, military, militant,militaristic, demilitarized militantly,militarily
mind, minder, reminder, mindlessness mind, remind mindless,mindful mindlessly
minimum, minimization, minimalist minimize minimal, minimum minimally
miss, near-miss miss missing
mistake mistake mistaken, unmistakable unmistakably, mistakenly
mix, mixer, mixture mix mixed
modernity, modernization modernize modern, modernistic
moment momentary, momentous momentarily
mood, moodiness moody moodily
moral, morals, morality, immorality moralize moral, amoral, immoral, moralistic morally
mother, motherhood mother motherly
move,movement, removal, movers (and shakers), remover, move, remove movable, unmoved, moving movingly
murder, murderer murder murderous murderously
music, musical, musician, musicality musical,unmusical musically

N

Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs
name name, rename named, unnamed, nameless namely
nation, national, multinational,nationalism, nationalist, nationality, nationalization nationalize national, international, multinational, nationalistic nationally, internationally
nature, naturalist, naturalization, naturalness the supernatural, naturalize natural, supernatural, unnatural, naturalistic naturally, unnaturally
necessity necessitate necessary, unnecessary necessarily, unnecessarily
need, needs need needless, needy, needed needlessly
nerve,nerves, nervousness unnerve nervous, nervy, nerveless, unnerving nervously, nervelessly, unnervingly
news, renewal, newness renew new,renewable, renewed newly, anew
night, midnight overnight, nightly, nights
noise, noisiness noisy, noiseless noisily
normality/normalcy (AmE), abnormality, norm normalize normal, abnormal normally, abnormally
north, northerner north, northerly, northern, north, northward(s), northbound
notice noticeable, notice unnoticed noticeably
number, numeral number, outnumber, enumerate innumerable, numerical, numerous, numbered
nurse, nursery, nurse nursing